Fahimtar mahimmancin hanyoyin da ya dace don ƙirar ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin layin ruwa
Karkaya ganuwaAna amfani da su sosai a cikin bututun ruwa na ƙasa saboda ƙarfin ƙarfinsu da ikonsu na tsayayya da matsa lamba na ta ciki. An ƙera bututun daga sanduna masu launin shuɗi wanda ke samar da siffar karkace. Tsarin walding na karkace da aka yi amfani da shi don kera waɗannan bututun yana ba da kyakkyawan tsari na tsari na musamman don aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen ƙasa.
Nominal Diameter | Lokacin farin ciki bango (mm) | ||||||||||||||
mm in | 6.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 22.0 | |
Nauyi a kowane yanki tsawon (kg / m) | |||||||||||||||
219.1 | 8-5 / 8 | 31.53 | 36.61 | 41.65 | |||||||||||
273.1 | 10-3 / 4 | 39.52 | 45.94 | 52.30 | |||||||||||
323.9 | 12-3 / 4 | 47.04 | 54.71 | 62.32 | 69.89 | 77.41 | |||||||||
(325) | 47.20 | 54.90 | 62.54 | 70.14 | 77.68 | ||||||||||
355.6 | 14 | 51.73 | 60.18 | 68.58 | 76.93 | 85.23 | |||||||||
(37..0) | 54.89 | 63.87 | 72.80 | 81.67 | 90.50 | ||||||||||
406.4 | 16 | 59.25 | 68.95 | 78.60 | 88.20 | 97.76 | 107.26 | 116.72 | |||||||
(426.0) | 62.14 | 72.33 | 82.46 | 92.55 | 102.59 | 112.58 | 122.51 | ||||||||
457 | 18 | 66.73 | 77.68 | 88.58 | 99.44 | 110.24 | 120.99 | 131.69 | |||||||
(478.0) | 69.84 | 81.30 | 92.72 | 104.09 | 115.41 | 126.69 | 137.90 | ||||||||
508.0 | 20 | 74.28 | 86.49 | 98.65 | 110.75 | 122.81 | 134.82 | 146.79 | 158.69 | 170.56 | |||||
(529.0) | 77.38 | 90.11 | 102.78 | 115.40 | 127.99 | 140.52 | 152.99 | 165.43 | 177.80 | ||||||
559.0 | 22 | 81.82 | 95.29 | 108.70 | 122.07 | 135.38 | 148.65 | 161.88 | 175.04 | 188.17 | |||||
610.0 | 24 | 89.37 | 104,10 | 118.77 | 133.39 | 147.97 | 162.48 | 176.97 | 191.40 | 205.78 | |||||
(630.0) | 92.33 | 107.54 | 122.71 | 137.83 | 152.90 | 167.92 | 182,89 | 197.81 | 212.68 | ||||||
660.0 | 26 | 96.77 | 112.73 | 128.63 | 144.48 | 160.30 | 176,05 | 191.77 | 207.43 | 223.04 | |||||
711.0 | 28 | 104.32 | 121.53 | 138.70 | 155.81 | 172.88 | 189,89 | 206.86 | 223.78 | 240.65 | 257.47 | 274.24 | |||
(720) | 105.65 | 123.09 | 140.47 | 157.81 | 175,0 | 192.34 | 209.52 | 226.66 | 243.75 | 260.80 | 277.79 | ||||
762-0 | 30 | 111.86 | 130.34 | 148.76 | 167.13 | 185,45 | 203.73 | 211.95 | 240.13 | 258.26 | 276.33 | 294.36 | |||
813.0 | 32 | 119.41 | 139.14 | 158.82 | 178.45 | 198.03 | 217.56 | 237.05 | 256.48 | 275.86 | 295.20 | 314.48 | |||
(820) | 120.45 | 140.35 | 160.20 | 180.00 | 199.76 | 219.46 | 239.12 | 258.72 | 278.28 | 297.79 | 317.25 | ||||
864.0 | 34 | 147.94 | 168,88 | 189,77 | 210.61 | 231.40 | 252.14 | 272.83 | 293.47 | 314.06 | 33.61 | ||||
914.0 | 36 | 178.75 | 200.87 | 222.94 | 244.96 | 266.94 | 288.86 | 310.73 | 33266 | 35.34 | |||||
(920) | 179.93 | 202.20 | 224.42 | 246.59 | 286.70 | 290.78 | 312.79 | 33.78 | 356.68 | ||||||
965.0 | 38 | 188.81 | 212.19 | 235.52 | 258.80 | 282,03 | 305.21 | 328.34 | 351.43 | 374.46 | |||||
1016.0 | 40 | 198.87 | 223.51 | 248.09 | 272.63 | 297.12 | 321.56 | 345.95 | 370.29 | 394.58 | 443.02 | ||||
(1020) | 199.66 | 224.39 | 249.08 | 273.72 | 298.31 | 322.84 | 347.33 | 371.77 | 396.16 | 444.77 | |||||
1067.0 | 42 | 208.93 | 234.83 | 260.67 | 286.47 | 312.21 | 337.91 | 363.56 | 389.16 | 414.71 | 465.66 | ||||
118.0 | 44 | 218.99 | 246.15 | 273.25 | 300.30 | 327.31 | 354.26 | 381.17 | 408.02 | 343.83 | 488.30 | ||||
1168.0 | 46 | 228.86 | 257.24 | 285.58 | 313.87 | 342.10 | 370.29 | 398.43 | 426.52 | 454.56 | 510.49 | ||||
1219.0 | 48 | 238.92 | 268.56 | 298.16 | 327.70 | 357.20 | 386.64 | 416.04 | 445.39 | 474.68 | 553.13 | ||||
(1220) | 239.12 | 268.78 | 198.40 | 327.97 | 357.49 | 386.96 | 146.38 | 445.76 | 475.08 | 533.58 | |||||
1321.0 | 52 | 291.20 | 323.31 | 327.97 | 387.38 | 449.34 | 451.26 | 483.12 | 514.93 | 578.41 | |||||
(1420) | 347.72 | 35.37 | 416.66 | 451.08 | 485.41 | 519.74 | 553,96 | 622.32 | 690.52 | ||||||
1422.0 | 56 | 348.22 | 382.23 | 417.27 | 451.72 | 486.13 | 520.48 | 554,97 | 623.25 | 691.51 | 759.58 | ||||
1524.0 | 60 | 373.38 | 410.44 | 447.46 | 484.43 | 521.34 | 558.21 | 595.03 | 688.52 | 741.82 | 814.91 | ||||
(1620.0) | 397.03 | 436.48 | 457.84 | 515.20 | 554.46 | 593.73 | 623.87 | 711.11 | 789.12 | 867.00 | |||||
1626.0 | 64 | 3983 | 438.11 | 477.64 | 517.13 | 556.56 | 595.95 | 635.28 | 713.80 | 792.13 | 870.26 | ||||
1727.0 | 68 | 423.44 | 465.51.51.5 | 507.53 | 549.51 | 591.43 | 633.31 | 675.13 | 758.64 | 841.94 | 925.05 | ||||
(1820) | 446.37 | 492.74 | 535.06 | 579.32 | 623.50 | 667.71 | 711.79 | 799.92 | 887.81 | 975.51 | |||||
1829.0 | 72 | 493.18 | 62,65 | 671.04 | 714.20 | 803.92 | 890.77 | 980.39 | |||||||
1930.0 | 76 | 661.52 | 708.40 | 755.23 | 848.75 | 942.07 | 1035.19 | ||||||||
(2020) | 692-60 | 741.69 | 790.75 | 888.70 | 986.41 | 1084.02 | |||||||||
2032-0 | 80 | 696,74 | 746.13 | 795.48 | 894.03 | 992.38 | 1090.53 | ||||||||
(2220) | 761.65 | 815.68 | 869.66 | 977.50 | 1085.80 | 1192.53 | |||||||||
(2420) | 948.58 | 1066.26 | 1183.75 | 1301.04 | |||||||||||
(2540.0) | 100 | 995.93 | 1119.53 | 1242.94 | 1366.15 | ||||||||||
(2845.0) | 112 | 1116.28 | 1254.93 | 1393.37 | 1531.63 |
SAURARA:
1.Also akwai bututun ƙarfe a cikin keɓaɓɓen diamita da keɓaɓɓen bango na ɓoye tsakanin masu girmansu na kusa da aka jera.
2. The nomal na nomalet m diamita a cikin baka a cikin tebur an katse nakasance.
Daya daga cikin mahimman fannoni na amfani da karfebututu don layin ruwa na karkashin kasayana da kyau hanyoyin walda. Welding shine tsari na shiga ɓangarorin karfe biyu ta hanyar amfani da zafi da matsin lamba. Don bututun ruwa na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, walwala mai kyau kai tsaye yana shafar amincin gaba ɗaya da amincin bututun.
Na daidaiHanyoyin Walayen PIPEForace bututun ƙarfe ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa masu mahimmanci. Da farko, farfajiya na bututun da za a welded dole ne ya kasance mai tsabta da kuma free daga kowane gurbata kamar datti, mai, ko fenti. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa Weld yana da ƙarfi kuma kyauta ne na ƙazanta da zai iya yin sulhu da ƙarfinsa.

Na gaba, selding sigogi kamar su shigar da zafi, waldi mai sauri, dole ne a kula da dabara mai kyau don cimma wadataccen welds. Amfani da kayan waldi da dabaru da dabaru yana da mahimmanci don hana lahani kamar mamaki, fasa, ko rashin sasanta amincin Weld.
Bugu da ƙari, preheating da preheating da post-weld zafi magani suna da mahimmanci ga kashin karfe da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin layin ruwa. Welomating yana taimaka wajan rage haɗarin fashewa da ingancin yanayin zafi na gaba ɗaya yana sauƙaƙa cigaban damuwa kuma yana tabbatar da microstructuture a duk yankin Weldructure.
Bugu da kari, da amfani da fasahar samar da walwala kamar matakai masu tasowa da kuma gwajin rashin lalacewa na iya kara inganta inganci da amincin walda. Wadannan ka'idodin suna taimaka wa cewa tabbatar da cewa masu haɗin gwiwa suna biyan karfin gwiwa da inganci don samar da kwanciyar hankali game da layin layin ruwa.
A taƙaice, hanyoyin da suka dace hanyoyin da suka dace suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da amincin da kuma tsawon lokacin karkacewar karfe da aka yi amfani da shi a layin ruwan kasa. Ta bin sigogi masu mahimmanci, dabaru da matakan kulawa da inganci, haɗarin lahani na walwala da lalacewa ana iya rage shi sosai. Sakamakon shine abin dogara ne kuma layin ƙasa mai zurfi wanda zai iya jure gwajin lokacin kuma samar da sabis mai lafiya da ingantaccen sabis. Don layin ruwa na karkashin kasa, saka hannun jari a cikin shirin waldi mai kyau shine muhimmin mataki ne wajen tabbatar da dogaro da makulli gabaɗaya.