Action na sinadaran abun da ke ciki a karfe

1. Carbon (C).Mafi girman abun cikin carbon, ƙarfin ƙarfe mafi girma, da ƙananan filastik sanyi.An tabbatar da cewa kowane 0.1% karuwa a cikin abun ciki na carbon, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa yana ƙaruwa game da 27.4Mpa;Ƙarfin ƙarfi yana ƙaruwa game da 58.8Mpa;kuma elongation yana raguwa game da 4.3%.Don haka abun ciki na carbon a cikin ƙarfe yana da babban tasiri akan aikin nakasar filastik mai sanyi na karfe.

2. Manganese (Mn).Manganese yana amsawa da baƙin ƙarfe oxide a cikin narkewar ƙarfe, galibi don deoxidation na ƙarfe.Manganese yana amsawa da baƙin ƙarfe sulfide a cikin ƙarfe, wanda zai iya rage illar sulfur akan karfe.Manganese sulfide da aka kafa zai iya inganta aikin yanke na karfe.Manganese na iya inganta ƙarfin juzu'i da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfe na ƙarfe, yana rage ƙarancin filastik mai sanyi, wanda ba shi da kyau ga lalacewar filastik mai sanyi na ƙarfe.Duk da haka, manganese yana da mummunar tasiri akan ƙarfin nakasawa Sakamakon shine kawai 1/4 na carbon.Sabili da haka, sai dai don buƙatun musamman, abun ciki na manganese na carbon karfe kada ya wuce 0.9%.

3. Silicon (Si).Silicon shine ragowar deoxidizer yayin narkewar karfe.Lokacin da abun ciki na silicon a cikin karfe ya karu da kashi 0.1%, ƙarfin tensile yana ƙaruwa kusan 13.7Mpa.Lokacin da abun ciki na silicon ya wuce 0.17% kuma abun ciki na carbon yana da girma, yana da tasiri mai girma akan raguwar filastik mai sanyi na karfe.Daidaita haɓaka abun ciki na siliki a cikin ƙarfe yana da amfani ga cikakkun kayan aikin ƙarfe na ƙarfe, musamman ma ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi, kuma yana iya haɓaka juriyar ƙarfe Erosive.Koyaya, lokacin da abun ciki na silicon a cikin karfe ya wuce 0.15%, abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba suna haɓaka cikin sauri.Ko da babban siliki na karfe an goge shi, ba zai yi laushi ba kuma ya rage kaddarorin nakasar filastik mai sanyi na karfe.Sabili da haka, ban da babban ƙarfin aikin buƙatun samfurin, abun ciki na silicon yakamata a rage gwargwadon yiwuwar.

4. Sulfur (S).Sulfur ƙazanta ce mai cutarwa.Sulfur a cikin karfe zai raba sassan kristal na karfe daga juna kuma ya haifar da tsagewa.Kasancewar sulfur kuma yana haifar da zafi mai zafi da tsatsa na karfe.Saboda haka, abun ciki na sulfur ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 0.055%.Babban ingancin karfe ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 0.04%.

5. Phosphorus (P).Phosphorus yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi na aiki mai ƙarfi da rarrabuwa mai tsanani a cikin ƙarfe, wanda ke haɓaka ƙarancin sanyi na ƙarfe kuma yana sa ƙarfe ya zama mai rauni ga zaizayar acid.Phosphorus a cikin karfe zai kuma lalata ƙarfin nakasar filastik mai sanyi kuma yana haifar da fashewar samfur yayin zane.Ya kamata a sarrafa abun ciki na phosphorus a cikin karfe a ƙasa da 0.045%.

6. Sauran abubuwan gami.Sauran abubuwan gami da ke cikin karfen carbon, irin su Chromium, Molybdenum da nickel, suna wanzuwa a matsayin ƙazanta, waɗanda ba su da tasiri sosai akan ƙarfe fiye da carbon, kuma abun ciki shima ƙanƙane ne.